Isingeniso, isiphetho, futhi siyini isiphetho ocwaningweni?

Isingeniso nesiphetho

1. Isingeniso:

• Isingeniso siyisango lomfundi lokuya embhalweni.
  Ngakho-ke, kufanele ikhuthaze futhi ithakasele umfundi.
• Isingeniso sivame ukuqala ngomusho oqinile noma isitatimende esijwayelekile esiveza umqondo wombhalo.
• Kungcono ukuthi isingeniso sibe nesifinyezo sokuqukethwe okuvamile okuzohlanganiswa nombhalo.
• Kubalulekile ukuthi isingeniso sibe sifushane futhi sibe mfushane, futhi sihloniphe isikhathi somfundi.
• Isethulo singase sibe nemibuzo eshukumisa umfundi ukuba aqhubeke nokufunda.

2. Isiphetho:

• Isiphetho siwukuphela kombhalo, ngakho-ke kufanele uqine futhi ushiye umbono omuhle kumfundi.
• Kungcono ukuthi isiphetho sifinyeze umqondo ojwayelekile wombhalo futhi sibuyekeze amaphuzu abaluleke kakhulu aphakanyisiwe.
• Isiphetho singaqukatha iziphetho noma izincomo ezisekelwe kokuqukethwe okuhlanganisiwe.
• Gwema ukwengeza ulwazi olusha esiphethweni, kodwa kunalokho gxila ekuqinisekiseni kabusha ulwazi nemibono eseyethuliwe.
• Umusho onamandla noma omangazayo ungasetshenziswa ukuze kuvuse intshisekelo yomfundi esiphethweni.

Kuthebula elingezansi, sifingqa umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwesingeniso nesiphetho:

Siyini isiphetho ocwaningweni?

Isiphetho singase sibe enye yezingxenye ezibalulekile nezingokwemvelo zanoma yiluphi ucwaningo oluqediwe.
Ekupheleni kocwaningo, umcwaningi ufinyelela isiphetho ukuze afinyeze imiphumela yocwaningo futhi afinyelele iziphetho kuyo.
Ngokuvamile, isiphetho siyithuba lokufingqa ulwazi olubalulekile futhi unikeze iziphetho nezincomo zokugcina kubafundi.

1. Ukushiwo kabusha kwezinjongo: Ukuphindwa kwezinhloso ezishiwoyo ekupheleni kocwaningo kuyisikhumbuzo kubafundi ngemiphumela umbhali okulindeleke ukuthi ayizuze.
   Ungasebenzisa imisho elula ephindaphinda umgomo ngamunye nokuthi ufinyelelwe kanjani noma ukuthi ufinyelelwe noma cha.
2. Isifinyezo semiphumela: Isifinyezo semiphumela esemqoka okufinyelelwe kuyo ocwaningweni kufanele kunikelwe.
   Imisho emifushane, efingqiwe ingasetshenziswa ukuchaza kafushane lokho okutholwe phansi okuyinhloko.
3. Ukuhlaziya kanye neziphetho: Ingxenye elandelayo yesiphetho kufanele ifake ukuhlaziya okutholakele kanye neziphetho ezifinyelelwe umcwaningi.
   Imisho elandelanayo ingasetshenziswa ukuchaza ukuthi okutholakele kuholela kanjani eziphethweni ezithile, futhi lezi ziphetho zingadlulela ngale kwemingcele yocwaningo futhi zibe nokuhambisana okuvamile.
4. Ukuhlola Ucwaningo: Ingxenye ebalulekile yesiphetho iqiniso lokuhlola ucwaningo jikelele.
   Umcwaningi angakwazi ukwethula izinto ezingezinhle nezihle zocwaningo futhi agxile ekubalulekeni kwemiphumela efinyelelwe kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zesikhathi esizayo ezingase zibe umphumela wazo.
5. Izincomo: Kule ngxenye, umcwaningi ubuyekeza izincomo zesikhathi esizayo ngokusekelwe ocwaningweni alwenzile.
   Izincomo zisukela ekuqhubekeni phambili kocwaningo lwesikhathi esizayo lwesihloko kuye ekuthuthukiseni izindlela noma indlela esetshenziswe ocwaningweni.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwesiphetho nesifinyezo?

Isiphetho nesifinyezo yizingxenye ezimbili ezibalulekile zokubhala, njengoba zinikeza umfundi umbono ophelele nofingqiwe wesihloko okuxoxiwe ngaso.
Nakuba le miqondo yomibili ingase ibonakale ifana ngandlela-thile, iyahluka ngenjongo nangendlela imibono ethulwa ngayo.
Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka umehluko phakathi kwesiphetho nesifinyezo.

Isiphetho:
Isiphetho siyingxenye ebalulekile yombhalo obhaliwe, njengoba sifika ekugcineni kwe-athikili, ucwaningo, noma incwadi.
Isiphetho sihlose ukufingqa nokuqondisa kabusha umqondo oyinhloko kumfundi ngendlela ekholisayo nephethayo.
Nazi ezinye zezinto ezivelele zesiphetho:

1. Imibono yokuhlela kabusha: Isiphetho sisetshenziselwa ukuphinda amaphuzu asemqoka nemibono ehloliwe endabeni noma ocwaningweni.
2. Ukufingqa nokufingqaIsiphetho sifingqa ukwaziswa okuyinhloko okuxoxwe ngakho ngendlela emfushane newusizo, enikeza umfundi umbono olula nophelele.
3. Nikeza iziphetho neziqondisoIsiphetho siphinde sinikeze umbono wokugcina kumbhali futhi sinikeze iziphetho ngesihloko esiseduze noma izikhombisi-ndlela zocwaningo lwangomuso.
4. Umbono ohlala njaloIsiphetho sifuna ukushiya umbono oqinile nohlala njalo kumfundi, ngokuqinisekisa kabusha ukubaluleka kwesihloko nokugqamisa imiphumela eyinhloko.

Isifinyezo:
Iqoqo, elibuye libizwe ngokuthi isifinyezo noma isifinyezo, linikeza isibuyekezo esiphelele nesifingqiwe sokuqukethwe okuxoxwe ngakho embhalweni obhaliwe.
Nazi ezinye zezinto ezivelele zesifinyezo:

1. Isifinyezo solwaziIsifinyezo sihlose ukugxila emaphuzwini asemqoka ombhalo futhi siwafingqe ngendlela emfushane nelula, ngaphandle kwemininingwane engadingekile.
2. Yenza kube lula ukuqonda okuqukethwe: Isifinyezo sinikeza isingeniso esiphelele nesisheshayo esihlokweni okuxoxiwe ngaso, esiza umfundi aqonde okuqukethwe kalula nangempumelelo.
3. Ukwethulwa kwemiphumela neziphetho: I-abstract isetshenziselwa ukwethula okutholwe okuyinhloko kocwaningo noma i-athikili, ngaphezu kokunikeza iziphetho zokugcina.
4. Ukugqamisa ukubaluleka kokuqukethwe: Isifinyezo siphinde sihlose ukugqamisa ukubaluleka kwesihloko okukhulunywa ngaso nokuthi singena kanjani emibuzweni nasezinkingeni eziphakanyiswe.

Ingabe isingeniso ngaphambi kwenkomba?

Impendulo yalo mbuzo incike ekubhalweni okuhlukahlukene kanye nemithetho elandelwa ababhali.
Kodwa ngokuvamile, kungcono ukubhala isingeniso ngaphambi kwenkomba.
Ngenxa yezizathu ezimbalwa:

1. Ukuhlelwa kokuqukethwe: Ukuba nesingeniso ngaphambi kwenkomba kusiza ukuhlela okuqukethwe ngokunengqondo.
   Isingeniso sinikeza ulwazi oluyisisekelo mayelana nokuqukethwe kocwaningo nezinjongo, kuyilapho inkomba iza ekupheleni kwephepha ukuze inikeze umbono wokuqukethwe kocwaningo kanye nenhlangano.
2. Ukuheha umfundi: Lapho umuntu efunda ucwaningo, isingeniso siyinto yokuqala edonsa amehlo akhe.
   Lapho isingeniso sifika ngaphambi kwenkomba, sisiza ukuheha umfundi futhi sikhulume kangcono ngombono wocwaningo.
3. Incazelo yenkinga: Esethulweni kungachazwa inkinga ucwaningo oludingida ngayo kanye nesizathu sokuyikhetha.
   Ngakho-ke, umcwaningi angafingqa inkinga yocwaningo ekupheleni kwesingeniso ngaphambi kokufaka inkomba.
   Lokhu kusiza umfundi aqonde ukubaluleka kocwaningo kanye nokuhlaziya okuzokwenziwa kamuva.
4. Imininingwane yokuxhumana: Umfundi angase adinge ukwazi ulwazi oluthile ngawe njengomcwaningi noma umbhali wephepha, olungafakwa esingenisweni.
   Ngakho, inkomba eza ngemva kwayo iyingxenye esiza umfundi abone okuqukethwe futhi afune izihloko ezibalulekile.

Ngisibhala kanjani isingeniso esihle?

1. Qala ngokwethula isihloko sakho ngendlela ejabulisayo: Ungasebenzisa amaqiniso athakazelisayo noma izitatimende ezidonsa amehlo ukuze ubambe ukunaka komfundi kusukela ekuqaleni.
   Isibonelo, ungasebenzisa isisho esidumile noma indaba emfushane ukuze ugqamise ukubaluleka kwesihloko.
2. Nikeza isizinda ngesihloko: Kungcono ukunikeza isifinyezo esifushane sesihloko ozokhuluma ngaso esihlokweni.
   Nikeza amaqiniso afanelekile noma izibalo ezisiza ekucaciseni inkinga noma umbono owethulwayo.
3. Buza umbuzo noma inkinga: Nikeza umbuzo noma inkinga ekhuthaza umfundi ukuthi aqhubeke nokufunda.
   Ungasebenzisa umbuzo obuza imibuzo, noma uveze isihloko esiyimpikiswano ukuze uthathe ukunaka komfundi.
4. Sebenzisa ulimi olulula noluqondile: Zama ukusebenzisa ulimi olulula noluqondile lapho ubhala isingeniso, ukuze ugweme inkimbinkimbi nobude obeqile.
   Sebenzisa amagama anamandla nemishwana emifushane ukuze uqinise umqondo wakho oyinhloko.
5. Zimisele ukufunda: Esethulweni, zama ukukhuluma nomfundi ngokuqondile ngokusebenzisa ifomethi ethi “wena” noma “thina”.
   Lokhu kwenza umfundi azizwe eyingxenye yengxoxo futhi kukhulisa intshisekelo yakhe.
6. Vusa ilukuluku lomfundi: Sebenzisa izimfumbe ezithile noma ubuze imibuzo ukuze uvuse ilukuluku lomfundi futhi umenze afune ukuqhubeka nokufunda isihloko.
   Sebenzisa indlela yokulandisa noma yokulandisa ukuze ujabulise umfundi.
7. Gcina isingeniso sifushane: Zama ukugcina isingeniso sisifushane futhi sifushane.
   Kufanele usho umqondo oyinhloko we-athikili ngokucacile ngaphandle kokungena emininingwaneni ende.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwesingeniso nesingeniso?

Isingeniso siyindima yokuqala ocwaningweni lwesayensi futhi siwukhiye oyinhloko ocwaningweni.
Isingeniso sihlose ukuheha intshisekelo yomfundi futhi simkhuthaze ukuthi aqhubeke nokufunda ucwaningo.
Isingeniso siqukethe izinto ezimbalwa eziyisisekelo, njenge:

1. Isihloko socwaningo: Isingeniso kufanele sicace ekuchazeni isihloko socwaningo nokubaluleka kwaso.
   Umfundi kufanele abone inzuzo yokufunda lolu cwaningo.
2. Ukubukezwa Kwezincwadi: Isethulo kufanele sifake ukubukezwa okufushane kwezincwadi ezihlobene nesihloko, ukuze kuboniswe izifundo zangaphambilini nolwazi olukhona ngesihloko.
3. Inhloso yocwaningo: Inhloso yocwaningo kumele ishiwo ngokucacile esingenisweni.
   Iveza ukuthi kungani ucwaningo lwenziwa kanye nalokho umcwaningi anethemba lokukufeza.

Mayelana nesingeniso ocwaningweni lwesayensi, yingxenye eza ngemuva kwesingeniso.
Isingeniso singathathwa njengencazelo enemininingwane eyengeziwe yesihloko socwaningo kanye nezinyathelo ezilandelwayo ukuze kufinyelelwe imiphumela yocwaningo.

Nazi ezinye izici okufanele uzicabangele lapho uqalisa:

1. Ukuchaza imiqondo kanye namatemu: Umcwaningi kufanele achaze imiqondo namagama asemqoka asetshenziswe ocwaningweni, ukuze acacisele umfundi futhi aqinisekise ukuqonda kwawo okufanele.
2. Indlela eyalandelwa: Umcwaningi kumele achaze kabanzi indlela eyalandelwa ocwaningweni, okuhlanganisa nezindlela zokuqoqa nokuhlaziya idatha.
3. Izici ezinomthelela: Isethulo singaphinda sibhekane nezici ezithonya ucwaningo, njengokuguquguquka okuzimele kanye neziguquguqukayo ezincikile, nokuthi ziyithinta kanjani imiphumela.

Lapho ebhala isethulo, umcwaningi akufanele eqe umkhawulo ovamile ngokubona kwakhe.
Ubukhulu besingeniso ngokuvamile buyahlukahluka kwelinye iphepha kuye ngohlobo lwenkinga ekhona kanye nezinga lemininingwane edingekayo.

Yini ukubaluleka kwesingeniso?

XNUMX. Ukunikeza ukuqonda kokuqala nokuphelele: Isingeniso sisiza ukunikeza ukuqonda kokuqala kanye nombono ophelele wemibono yocwaningo.
Umfundi uthola ukwazi inkinga noma isenzakalo esifundwayo futhi abone udaba ngezici zalo ezihlukene.
Lokhu kuqonda kokuqala kumsiza ukuthi anqume inkinga yocwaningo kanye nereferensi yezifundo zakhe.

XNUMX. Ukuqondisa umfundi: Ngesethulo, umfundi ufunda ngalokho ucwaningo oluzobhekana nakho, umthelela walo, kanye nokubaluleka kwalo.
Ukuqondisa umfundi kumenza aqonde inhloso jikelele kanye nezihlokwana zocwaningo.
Angakwazi futhi ukuhlomula nomthelela wayo emkhakheni wesayensi noma emphakathini.

XNUMX. Ukuvusa isithakazelo kanye nelukuluku: Isethulo sidlala indima ebalulekile ekuvuseni isithakazelo somfundi futhi sidonse ukunaka kwakhe.
Isethulo kufanele siveze ukubaluleka kwesihloko ngendlela edonsa ukunaka futhi yenze umfundi aqhubeke.
Ngokuvusa ilukuluku, umfundi ugqugquzelwa ukuba ajule ngokuqukethwe kocwaningo.

XNUMX. Ukwandisa ububanzi bethiyori: Isingeniso sisiza ukwandisa ububanzi bethiyori yocwaningo.
Isetshenziselwa ukubuyekeza ucwaningo lwangaphambilini nemibhalo ehlobene.
Ngokubhekisela ezifundweni ezishicilelwe ngaphambilini, umfundi ufunda mayelana nezikhala nezinselele kulo mkhakha nokuthi kungani ucwaningo lwamanje luhluka kolunye ucwaningo.

XNUMX. Isiqondiso socwaningo lwesayensi: Isingeniso sinikeza isiqondiso ocwaningweni lwesayensi futhi sichaza umgudu nezinjongo zalo.
Ikhombisa indlela yocwaningo esetshenzisiwe kanye nendlela esetshenziswa ucwaningo.
Lokhu kusiza ukuchaza ububanzi bocwaningo kanye nokucacisa izindlela okufanele kuhlangatshezwane nazo kuthisisi yocwaningo.

Uyini umehluko phakathi kwesingeniso nesandulelo?

XNUMX. incazelo:

• Isingeniso: Isingeniso siyingxenye yokuqala yanoma yiluphi ucwaningo noma incwadi, futhi sibonisa lokho okuqukethwe emigqeni elandelayo yomqondo womsebenzi noma izihloko okuzoxoxwa ngazo embhalweni.
• Isingeniso: Isingeniso siyingxenye elandela isingeniso, futhi ihlose ukuqondisa umfundi nokufaka isihloko kancane kancane.

XNUMX. injongo:

• Isingeniso: Isingeniso sithathwa njengenkontileka esemthethweni phakathi komcwaningi nomfundi, njengoba sichaza izinjongo, indlela yokusebenza, nezizathu ezenze umcwaningi akhulume ngesihloko.
• Isingeniso: Inhloso yesingeniso ukusetha iphimbo kanye nokwenza ushintsho olushelelayo kokuqukethwe okusemqoka, kunikeza umfundi umbono ojwayelekile ngesihloko futhi kumenze abone ukubaluleka kwenkinga ekhona.

XNUMX. Okuqukethwe:

• Isingeniso: Isingeniso siphathelene nokuchaza imiqondo eyisisekelo kanye nokubeka uhlaka lwethiyori locwaningo ngokubukeza izifundo zangaphambilini nezinkomba ezihlobene nesihloko.
• Isingeniso: Isethulo siphathelene nokuhlinzeka ngolwazi oluningiliziwe mayelana nesizinda somlando noma umongo ohlobene nesihloko, futhi sinikeza umbono oningiliziwe wamaphutha nezithakazelo zocwaningo.
  XNUMX. Ukubaluleka:
• Isingeniso: Isingeniso sithathwa njengengxenye enkulu yanoma yiluphi ucwaningo lwesayensi, njengoba isingeniso sinikeza ithuba lomcwaningi ukuveza izinhloso zakhe futhi akhombise ukubaluleka kocwaningo.
• Isandulelo: Isingeniso sithathwa njengengxenye ebalulekile yocwaningo, njengoba sisiza ekugcineni imibono igxile futhi ihlelekile.Siphinde sibe neqhaza ekudonseni ukunaka komfundi kanye nokuvusa ilukuluku lakhe ngesihloko okuxoxiwe ngaso.

Ngakho-ke, singasho ukuthi isingeniso sithathwa njengokubuyekezwa kwesihloko nezinjongo zocwaningo, kuyilapho isethulo sithathwa njengesingeniso esinwetshiwe esiqondisa umfundi ekuqondeni inkinga futhi sivuse intshisekelo yakhe yokuqhubeka nocwaningo.

Isingeniso sesihloko?

XNUMX. I-Quote kanye Nesisho: Sebenzisa isicaphuno esikhuthazayo noma isisho esihlobene nesihloko ozokhuluma ngaso.
Isibonelo: "Impumelelo ingumphumela wokuhlela nokusebenza kanzima" - uThomas Edison.
Ungasebenzisa lesi sicaphuno ukukhuluma ngokuthi ungayithola kanjani impumelelo kunoma iyiphi indawo yempilo.

XNUMX. Indaba Yakho Siqu: Qala isihloko ngokuxoxa indaba eyiqiniso ngomuntu obhekene nezinselele ozoziveza ngendlela ozizwa ngayo.
Ngale ndaba, ungakwazi ukuthatha intshisekelo yomfundi futhi ubonise umthelela womuntu siqu wesihloko.

XNUMX. Izibalo ezishaqisayo: Sebenzisa izibalo ezinamandla nezimangazayo ukuze ugqamise ukubaluleka kwesihloko.
Isibonelo: “Bangu-XNUMX% kuphela abantu abaphumelelayo ekufinyeleleni imigomo yabo.” Yibe usuxhumanisa lezi zibalo nemibono yakho mayelana nendlela yokufinyelela impumelelo.

XNUMX. Umbuzo othakazelisayo: Ukubuza umbuzo oshukumisa ingqondo nonelukuluku lokwazi kungase kwenze umfundi aqhubeke nokufunda.
Isibonelo: "Uyazi ukuthi kwenzekani uma silala?" Sebenzisa lo mbuzo ukuze uxoxe ngokubaluleka kokulala kanye nomthelela wako empilweni yethu.

XNUMX. Umlando kanye Nokwaziswa Okuthakazelisayo: Qala isihloko ngokunikeza ulwazi lomlando noma lwamasiko oluthakasela umfundi futhi oluhlobene nesihloko.
Ngokwesibonelo, uma ubhala ngokubaluleka kokudla okunempilo, unganikeza ukwaziswa okunjengokuthi “NgeNkathi Ephakathi, iNdlovukazi u-Elizabeth I yachitha umholo wosuku oluhle ukuze ithenge utamatisi, eyayikholelwa ukuthi yayizomenza abukeke emusha isikhathi eside,” futhi bese uhlobanisa lokhu kwaziswa nokubaluleka kokudla izithelo nemifino.

XNUMX. Sebenzisa Inganekwane kanye Nendaba Eqanjiwe: Qala isihloko ngokuxoxa indaba eqanjiwe ehlobene nesihloko.
Ungasebenzisa inganekwane ukwenza umfundi ezwe ukubaluleka kwesihloko futhi uqondise ukunaka kwakhe kuso.