Izimpawu zengqondo ze-multiple sclerosis

1. Umuzwa wokulahlekelwa

Lapho siphethwe i-multiple sclerosis, isiguli sibhekana nezinselele ezithinta ukuphila kwaso kwansuku zonke, okungase kuholele ekubeni sizwe ubuhlungu bokulahlekelwa ikhono lokwenza izinto ebesizijabulela ngaphambili.

Usizi olulandela ukulahlekelwa lawa makhono luyahluka ekucindezelekeni ngezici eziningana. Enye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu kulezi zici ukuthi lolu hlobo lokudabuka lungokwesikhashana; Iyancipha kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, umuntu othintekile angathola ukunethezeka nokuthokoza okuthile kwezinye izinto ezisemandleni akhe, futhi lokhu kumnikeza ikhefu ezinseleleni zesifo.

2. Imizwa iyashintsha

Abantu abane-multiple sclerosis bangase babhekane nobunzima obungokwengqondo ngoba izimpawu zalesi sifo ziyahlukahluka futhi azibikezeli, kudala imizwa yokucindezeleka nokungaqiniseki. Lesi simo singabangela ukushintshashintsha kwemizwelo, ngezinye izikhathi okubonakala ngokukhathazeka nokucasuka ngokushesha.

3. Ukucindezela kwengqondo

Abantu abaningi bahlushwa ukucindezeleka kwengqondo ngenxa yezinselele ezihlukahlukene zokuphila, futhi lokhu kucindezeleka kungase kushube kubantu abane-multiple sclerosis. Lesi sifo sithinta ikhono lomuntu lokwenza imisebenzi yakhe yansuku zonke ngokuphumelelayo, okwandisa umuzwa wakhe womthwalo kanye nokukhathala kwengqondo.

4. Ukukhathazeka

Ezinye iziguli ezine-multiple sclerosis ziba nokukhathazeka ngemva kokutholakala ukuthi zinaleso simo, njengoba kuba nzima kuzo ukubikezela ukuqhubeka kwalesi simo, okungase kuzenze zizizwe zikhungathekile.

5. Ukucindezeleka

Kuyaziwa ukuthi iziguli ezine-multiple sclerosis zihlushwa ukucindezeleka ngesilinganiso esingaphezu kokuphindwe kathathu kunezinye. Ososayensi, kusukela ekupheleni kwekhulu leshumi nesishiyagalolunye, baye babonisa ukuxhumana phakathi kwalesi sifo nokucindezeleka. Nokho, ucwaningo olujulile noluhlelekile kulobu budlelwano seluqale emashumini eminyaka amuva nje.

6. Umthelela we-pseudobulbar

Isenzakalo lapho abantu babonisa khona izimpendulo ezingokomzwelo ezingahambisani nemizwa yabo yangempela kuthiwa umphumela we-anyanisi wamanga.

Singathola umuntu ekhala engadabuki ngempela, noma eqhuma ehleka into engeyona ihlaya.

Lesi simo sibangelwa ukuphazamiseka kokuxhumana phakathi kwezindawo ezingaphambili nezingemuva zobuchopho, futhi ngezinye izikhathi umphumela wemiphumela ye-multiple sclerosis.

Yiziphi izimpawu ezingezona ezengqondo ze-multiple sclerosis?

Lapha sibuyekeza iqembu lezimpawu zomzimba ze-multiple sclerosis, ezihluka ngomthelela wazo kanye nokusabalala phakathi kweziguli. Sizongena ngemininingwane ngalezi zimpawu ukuze siqonde kangcono ukuthi lesi sifo siwuthinta kanjani umzimba.

1. Ukuzizwa ukhathele

Iningi labantu abanalesi sifo lizizwa likhathele, njengoba cishe amaphesenti angama-80 abantu athintwa yilesi simo. Lokhu kukhathala kungase kuholele ezinseleleni zokuqeda imisebenzi yansuku zonke nokuhlanganyela emisebenzini evamile.

2. Ubunzima bokuhamba

Ungase uzwe ukuba ndikindiki emilenzeni noma ezinyaweni, futhi lokhu kungase kuhambisane nobunzima bokugcina ukulingana. Ungase futhi uzwe ukuqina kwemisipha noma ubuthakathaka obujwayelekile bemisipha, futhi izinkinga zokubona zingase zenzeke.

3. Izinkinga ezibonakalayo

I-Multiple sclerosis ingase iphazamise ukubona, njengoba umuntu engase abe nezinkinga kwelinye noma womabili iso. Lezi zinkinga zingase zivele ngokuqhubekayo noma zenzeke ngezikhathi ezithile, futhi kwezinye izimo, ukululama okuphelele kungase kwenzeke. Phakathi kwezimpawu ezibonakalayo abantu abane-multiple sclerosis abangase babe nazo yilezi:

1. I-Optic neuritis, lapho ukuvuvukala kwenzeka khona okuthinta inzwa edlulisa ukwaziswa okubonakalayo kusuka esweni kuya ebuchosheni.
2. Ukubona kabili, okwenza isiguli sibone izinto ngokuphindaphindiwe.
3. I-Nystagmus, ukunyakaza kwamehlo okungahleliwe, okuphindaphindayo.
4. Ukulahleka kombono, okungase kube ingxenye noma ephelele lezi zimpawu zidinga ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ukuze kunqunywe ukwelashwa okufanele futhi kulandelelwe isimo sesiguli.

4. Izimpawu ezihlobene nenkulumo

Ezinye izimpawu zivela kumuntu, kuhlanganise nenkulumo engacacile.

Uphinde aphathwe amakhefu abonakalayo phakathi nenkulumo, kungaba phakathi kwamagama noma imisho.

Yini i-multiple sclerosis

I-Multiple sclerosis ingenye yezifo eziyingxenye yezifo ezizimele, lapho amasosha omzimba ehlasela i-myelin sheath, enesibopho sokuvikela imizwa.

Lokhu kuhlasela kulimaza isimiso sezinzwa esimaphakathi, okuhlanganisa ubuchopho, umgogodla, nezinzwa zamehlo, kukhinyabeze imisebenzi eminingi ebalulekile njengokubona, ukulinganisela, nokulawula imisipha.

Izimpawu zokuqala ze-multiple sclerosis zivame ukuvela ebusheni, phakathi kweminyaka eyi-17 nengama-42, kodwa zingenzeka nakweminye iminyaka ehlanganisa ubuntwana kanye nokuguga. Ucwaningo luveza ukuthi abesifazane banamathuba amaningi okuba nalesi sifo kunabesilisa.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ze-multiple sclerosis?

I-Multiple sclerosis ihlukaniswa ngezinhlobo eziningana, phakathi kwazo uhlobo lokubuyisela kabusha lugqama njengenye yezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu phakathi kwalabo abathintekile, njengoba inkambo yalesi sifo iphawulwa yizikhathi zokubuyela emuva okulandelwa ukukhululeka kwesikhashana ezimpawini.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kuvela i-secondary progressive multiple sclerosis, lapho ogulayo ebona khona ukuwohloka okuqhubekayo kwesimo sakhe sempilo okungenzeka aphinde agule.

Nakuba i-primary progressive multiple sclerosis ibonakala ngokuwohloka kancane kancane nokuqhubekayo ngaphandle kokuphumula okucacile kwezimpawu noma ukuphindeka.

Ngokuqondene ne-benign multiple sclerosis, ibhekwa njengemnene kunazo zonke kulezi zinhlobo, njengoba iziguli zilulama ngokuphelele ekubuyeleni okungase kuvele, futhi imiphumela yalesi sifo ingase ibonakale nje kancane ezikhathini ezifinyelela eminyakeni eyi-10-15.

Kuyini ukwelashwa kwe-multiple sclerosis?

Akukatholakali ukwelashwa okuphelele okuqeda ngokuphelele i-multiple sclerosis, kodwa ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingalandelwa ukulawula izimpawu zalesi sifo nokwandisa isikhathi sokuphumula phakathi kokuhlaselwa. Phakathi kwezindlela ezisetshenziswayo:

1. Sebenzisa i-corticosteroids efana ne-methylprednisolone ne-prednisone ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokuvuvukala kwemizwa.
2. Imithi eyenza ukubambezeleka kwesifo futhi inciphise ubungozi bokubuyela emuva, njenge-natalizumab ne-interferon.
3. Izidakamizwa zokukhulula ama-muscle spasms.
4. Imithi esiza ukulwa nokudangala.
5. Landela ukudla okuphelele nokulinganisela okusekela impilo yesiguli.
6. Phumula ngokwanele ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza kahle komzimba.
7. Ukwenza amaseshini okwelashwa ngokomzimba ukuze ulondoloze ukuhamba.
8. Zivocavoce njalo ukuze uthuthukise ukuqina ngokomzimba nempilo.

Ngalezi zindlela, abantu abane-MS bangakwazi ukulawula kangcono izifo zabo futhi bathuthukise izinga lempilo yabo.