Unjani ushevu
Ukwenza ubuthi, udinga ukulandela izinqubo ngokucophelela kanye nezinyathelo eziqinile, ngoba ukwenza ubuthi akukho emthethweni futhi kuyingozi kakhulu.
Ukusetshenziswa koshevu nganoma iyiphi injongo engekho emthethweni kuyicala lobugebengu futhi kungase kubangele imiphumela emibi kakhulu empilweni yomuntu neyezilwane.
Izinto okufanele uzazi ngaphambi kokuqala ukwenza ubuthi:
- Kubalulekile ukuqaphela amaqiniso nezingozi ezihlobene nokwenza ushevu.
Lesi senzo sithathwa njengesingekho emthethweni futhi singqubuzana nomthetho, futhi singadala umonakalo omkhulu kubantu nakwezinye izinto eziphilayo. - I-Venom yinto enobuthi evame ukusetshenziselwa ukufaka ushevu ezintweni eziphilayo.
Kufanele uqaphele imiphumela emibi yokusebenzisa ushevu kanye nomthelela wabo omubi endaweni ezungezile kanye nempilo yomphakathi.
Ngokuvamile, ukwenza nokusebenzisa ubuthi kufanele kugwenywe ngaphansi kwanoma yiziphi izimo.
Lokhu kuhilela izingozi ezinkulu futhi kungase kusongela ukuphila komuntu nezilwane.
Ezinye izindlela zokuxazulula izinkinga nezingxabano kufanele zifunwe ngaphandle kokusebenzisa udlame noma ushevu.
Kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi sibambelele emithethweni ephusile kanye nezimiso zokuziphatha futhi silwele ukwakha umphakathi ophephile nophumelelayo wawo wonke umuntu.
Buyini ubuthi obubulala ngaphandle kobuhlungu?
Ubuthi bungelinye lamathuluzi ayingozi asetshenziselwa izinhloso ezahlukene, noma ngabe ukuzivikela noma ukuhlasela.
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zoshevu ezinezici ezibulalayo, okuhlanganisa nobuthi obubulala ngaphandle kobuhlungu.
Lobu buthi bubhekwa njengobuthi obunamandla futhi obuyingozi kakhulu obaziwayo, njengoba bulungiswa ngokukhulu ukucophelela ukuze bube yingozi ngaphandle kokuba nemiphumela ebonakalayo.
Ukusebenza kwalobu buthi kuncike ekwakhekeni kwamakhemikhali okuhlukile kanye nomthelela wawo emzimbeni womuntu.
Uma umuntu evezwe kulobu buthi, ubuthi buqala ukuhlangana egazini futhi busakazeke ngokushesha emzimbeni wonke, buhlasele izitho ezibalulekile nezinhlelo ezihlukahlukene, okuholela emiphumeleni yabo ivele ngokuzumayo nangokuzumayo.
Izimpawu ezihlobene nokuchayeka komzimba kulobu buthi zingase zibe zimbi kakhulu futhi zibulale, futhi zihlanganisa ukuphefumula kanzima, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, ukukhubazeka kwemisipha, ukushaqeka komzimba, nokulahlekelwa ukwazi.Ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu, ubuthi bungase buholele ekufeni.
Obunye ubungozi obukhulu balo shevu wukuthi awushiyi noma yimiphi imikhondo ekhombisa ukuthi umuntu uke wachayeka kubo, okwenza kube nzima ukuthola ukuthi ubuthi buvelaphi.
Ngakho-ke, ukuvimbela nokuqapha kufanele kube i-oda lokuqala nelokugcina ezimweni ezinjalo, njengoba abantu kufanele baqaphele izinto ezisolwayo ezingase zibe nalobu buthi obuyingozi.
Ngokuvamile, kufanele siqaphele futhi silandele izinyathelo ezifanele zokuphepha ukuze sigweme ukuchayeka kushevu obulala ngaphandle kobuhlungu, futhi sigweme noma yini ephakamisa izinsolo noma ebonakala ingajwayelekile, ukuze siqinisekise ukuphepha kwethu nokuphepha kwabanye engozini lobu buthi obubulalayo.
Yiziphi izingxenye zobuthi?
Ubuthi buqukethe izakhi ezihlukahlukene ezihluka kuye ngohlobo nomthombo kashevu.
Nokho, kunezinye izingxenye eziyisisekelo ezitholakala kushevu abaningi.
Nazi ezinye zezingxenye ezibaluleke kakhulu zobuthi:
- Ama-prototoxins: Lokhu kuhlanganisa amaprotheni anobuthi kanye nobuthi bezilwane obunobuthi ngokulunywa noma ukulunywa, njengobuthi bezinyoka nofezela.
- Ubuthi bamakhemikhali: Lokhu kuhlanganisa amakhemikhali anobuthi atholakala kwezinye izitshalo nesikhunta, namakhemikhali akhiqizwe anobuthi njengamanye izibulala-zinambuzane namanye amakhemikhali ezimboni.
- I-Phytotoxins: Ihlanganisa izinhlobonhlobo zamakhemikhali anobuthi atholakala kwezinye izitshalo, njenge-solanine etholakala kumazambane aluhlaza kanye ne-rutin etholakala kwezinye izinhlobo zemifino.
- Ubuthi bezilwane: Lokhu kuhlanganisa ubuthi obukhiqizwa ezinye izilwane ukuze zizivikele, njengobuthi obunamandla bezikelemu nobuthi bebhungane.
Ulwazi lwezingxenye zobuthi lubaluleke kakhulu ekuhlonzeni izimpawu ezingase zibe umphumela wobuthi kanye nokwenza izindlela zokwelapha ezifanele.
Kufanele uqaphele futhi uthathe izinyathelo zokuphepha ezifanele lapho usebenza nanoma iyiphi into enobuthi noma lapho ubhekene nezilwane ezinobuthi noma izitshalo ezinobuthi.
Imuphi ushevu oshesha kakhulu obulala umuntu?
Omunye ushevu obulalayo owaziwa kakhulu esintwini i-ricin.
I-Ricin ivela kubhontshisi we-castor, futhi umthamo olingana nohlamvu olulodwa lwesihlabathi wanele ukubulala.
Ubuthi busebenza ngokuphazamisa ama-ribosomes nokumisa ukukhiqizwa kwamaprotheni emzimbeni.
Ekugcineni kuholela ekulimaleni okubulalayo.
Akukho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwalobu buthi, kodwa bungasinda uma umthamo umncane.
Nakuba kungenakwenzeka ukuba sichayeke kulobu buthi obuhlanziwe, lobu buthi butholakala ezinhlamvu zesitshalo se-castor.
Uma lezi zimbewu zihlafunwa, zingakhipha ubuthi obanele obungabangela ukulimala.
Kukhona obunye ubuthi obuyingozi nobusebenza ngokushesha, njengobuthi be-botulinum.
I-Botulinum iyi-neurotoxin engabulala abantu.
Uma amabhaktheriya akhiqiza lobu buthi edliwa, kungenzeka ukudla okunoshevu.
Itholakala ezitsheni ezivaliwe noma inyama engafanele ukudliwa abantu.
Imiphumela yobuthi iwubuhlungu kanye nokukhubazeka kwemisipha okwesikhashana, futhi ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu ukukhubazeka kungaholela ekutheni umuntu othintekile adonseke bese eholela ekufeni.
Bukhona obunye ubuthi obufana ne-puffer poison.
Lobu buthi butholakala kwezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ze-puffer, ezinye izinhlobo zama-octopus, ama-newt, amaxoxo nezikelemu.
Lena i-neurotoxin enamandla ephazamisa ukuxhumana kwezinzwa phakathi kobuchopho nomzimba ngokuvala iziteshi zesodium.
Umthamo womzuzu ungabangela ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa nokukhubazeka, kodwa inani elincane kuphela elidingekayo ukuze kugcinwe ukuphila.
Kuthatha cishe amahora ayisi-6 ukuze kubonakale umphumela ogcwele walo shevu, futhi lapho ukuphefumula kuyema umuntu angase abe sengcupheni yokufa ngenxa yokushaya kwenhliziyo okungavamile.
Sengiphetha, buningi ubuthi obungadala ukufa ngokushesha kubantu.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela futhi ugweme izinto ezinobuthi nezilwane nezitshalo eziqukethe lobu buthi ukuze silondoloze ukuphepha nempilo yethu.
Ingabe bukhona ubuthi emakhemisi?
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zobuthi zingatholakala emakhemisi, kodwa ngokuvamile, lezi zinto zitholakala kuphela ngencwadi kadokotela.
Ubuthi buvame ukusetshenziswa emakhemisi ngezinjongo ezithile zokwelapha, njengokwelapha umdlavuza noma izifo zegilo.
Nokho, ubuthi bungase busetshenziswe ezimbonini zezolimo ukuze kunqandwe izinambuzane nezinambuzane eziyingozi.
Kubalulekile ukuthi ushevu usetshenziswe ngendlela efanele nangendlela efanele, futhi ugweme ukuwuthatha ngaphandle kwencwadi kadokotela noma ukuwusebenzisela izinjongo ezingekho emthethweni.
Kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi uxhumane nodokotela noma usokhemisi ngaphambi kokusebenzisa noma yiluphi uhlobo lobuthi, futhi ulandele imiyalelo ngokucophelela ukuze uthole imiphumela engcono kakhulu futhi ugweme noma yimiphi imiphumela emibi.
Iluphi uhlobo lukashevu oluqine kakhulu?
Olunye uhlobo olunamandla kakhulu lobuthi ubuthi benyoka yase-Afrika emnyama, ethathwa njengenye yezinyoka eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni.
Lo shevu uqukethe ubuthi obunamandla obudala ukulimala kwamangqamuzana futhi buphazamise ukusebenza kwezitho ezibalulekile.
Isihlungu se-choral esiyinkimbinkimbi sithathwa njengohlobo lokugcina olunamandla lwesihlungu, futhi siyahlukahluka ngokwakhiwa kanye nomphumela.
Ubuthi buqukethe ingxube ye-ferrocytoxins nama-neurotoxins athinta ngokuqondile isimiso sezinzwa.
Yiziphi izinto ezibulala abantu?
- I-Arsine: I-Arsine ibhekwa njengenye yezinto eziyingozi kakhulu ezingaholela ekufeni komuntu.
I-Arsine ingabangela ushevu obunzima, ukuntengantenga kwesimiso sezinzwa, nokufa ngokushesha uma idliwe ngobuningi. - I-Cyanide: I-Cyanide yinto enobuthi edinga kuphela umthamo omncane ukuze ibulale.
Ukungena kwe-cyanide kungase kuholele ekuphazamisekeni kwemisebenzi yezinhlelo zokuphefumula, zenhliziyo, nezinzwa, ekugcineni kuholele ekufeni. - I-Mercury: I-Mercury iyiminerali enobuthi engabangela imiphumela emibi empilweni yomuntu.
Ubuthi be-mercury buholela ekulimaleni kwesimiso sezinzwa esimaphakathi kanye ne-nephrotic syndrome, futhi ekugcineni kungaholela ekufeni. - Ukuhola: Umthofu uyinto enobuthi engabangela ukulimala ezithweni zomzimba futhi yenze imisebenzi yazo ibe nzima.
Ukuchayeka njalo kumthofu kungabangela igazi nezinzwa futhi kungase kubangele izifo ezimbi njengokungazali, izinkinga zokukhula, ukulahlekelwa ukwazi, nokwehluleka kwezitho. - Izibulala-zinambuzane zezolimo: Izibulala-zinambuzane zezolimo ziwusongo empilweni yomuntu lapho sichayeka kuzo ngokuhogela, ukumuncwa esikhumbeni, noma ngokudla ukudla okungcoliswe ngazo.
Izibulala-zinambuzane zezolimo zingadala ubuthi obukhulu futhi zibe nomthelela ekusebenzeni kwesibindi, izinso, nesimiso sokuphefumula, futhi kwezinye izimo kubangele ukukhubazeka noma ukufa. - Amanye amakhemikhali ezimboni: Kunamanye amakhemikhali amaningi asezimbonini angaba nobuthi futhi aholele ekufeni kwabantu.
Ezinye izibonelo zifaka i-ammonia, i-formaldehyde, amakhemikhali asetshenziswa kubuthi, nemithi enoshevu.
Kudingeka ukuqaphela nokuqaphela lezi zinto ezinobuthi futhi ugweme ukuzibamba ngezindlela ezingaphephile.
Uma usola ukuthi uke wachayeka kunoma iyiphi yalezi zinto noma unezimpawu ezisolisayo, kufanele uye ngokushesha egumbini lezimo eziphuthumayo ukuze uthole ukunakekelwa okudingekayo.
Ukhona ushevu obulala abantu kancane?
Abaningi bayazibuza ukuthi abukho yini ubuthi obubulala umuntu kancane kancane.
Impendulo yalo mbuzo incike ezintweni eziningi, njengohlobo nenani likashevu osetshenzisiwe.
Obunye ubuthi bungase bubangele izimpawu kancane kancane ezigcina ziholela ekufeni, futhi lokhu ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi eside.
Izibonelo zalobu buthi obubulala kancane kancane ezinye zezinto ezingcolisa imvelo njengemercury, lead, namanye amakhemikhali asetshenziswa ezimbonini ezihlukahlukene.
Ukwengeza, ukuphuzwa ngokuqhubekayo nokukhulu kwezidakamizwa ezithile ezinobuthi noma izinto ezidakwayo kungaba nomthelela obulalayo kancane kancane emzimbeni.
Kodwa kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ubuthi obubulala umuntu kancane buyivelakancane uma buqhathaniswa nobuthi obubulalayo ngokushesha njenge-cyanide ne-arsenic.
Ngakho-ke, kufanele siqaphele futhi sinake noma yiziphi izinto ezingase zibe nobuthi ukuze zingawohloki kancane kancane impilo yethu.
Yini into eqeda ubuthi?
Ubuthi yizinto eziyingozi ezingase zibe nomthelela omubi ezintweni eziphilayo.
Abanye bangase bazibuze ukuthi kukhona yini okunganqanda futhi kuqede imiphumela yobuthi.
Eqinisweni, ziningi izinto ezingaba nomthelela ekwehliseni imiphumela yobuthi futhi bususwe emzimbeni.
Phakathi kwalezi zinto:
- Ukwelashwa Kwezokwelapha: Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zemithi engasetshenziswa ukwelapha ubuthi kanye nokunciphisa ubuthi.
Uhlobo lokwelashwa luncike ohlotsheni nobukhulu boshevu. - Ukudla kwezitshalo: Ezinye izitshalo zingasiza ekunciphiseni imiphumela yobuthi ngokuvimbela ukumuncwa kwawo noma ukwandisa ukugayeka kokudla emzimbeni.
- Amanye amalahle acushiwe: I-activated charcoal iyi-ejenti eqeda ubuthi futhi ingase isetshenziselwe ukumunca ubuthi obusesiswini bubususe emzimbeni.
- Ama-antibiotics: Uma ubuthi bungase buhambisane namagciwane noma amagciwane, kungase kudingeke ukuthi kusetshenziswe ama-antibiotics ukwelapha ubuthi.
- Imithi yokwengeza: Eminye imithi yokwengeza, njengama-antioxidants nama-antihistamine, ingasetshenziswa ukusiza umzimba ukulwa nemiphumela yobuthi futhi unciphise ubuthi.
Ingabe ubuthi bunephunga?
Ubuthi baziwa ngokuba nemiphumela enobuthi ezintweni eziphilayo.
Uma sikhuluma ngoshevu abaningi bethu bayazibuza ukuthi unalo yini iphunga? Impendulo iwukuthi, ubuthi awunalo iphunga elinamandla noma elithile.
Nakuba obunye ubuthi bungase bukhiqize iphunga elincane, iningi labo alinalo iphunga elihlukile.
Lokhu kusho ukuthi umuntu ngokuvamile akakwazi ukuhogela ukuba khona kobuthi emoyeni, ekudleni, nanoma iyiphi enye indawo.
Lokhu kwenza ubuthi bube yingozi nakakhulu, njengoba bungabonwa futhi bungabangela umonakalo omkhulu ngaphambi kokuba bubonakale.
Ngakho-ke, kuyadingeka ukuthi uqaphele futhi uthathe izinyathelo zokuphepha ngaso sonke isikhathi ukuze ugweme ukuchayeka kushevu.
