Imibandela yokubhaliswa emfundweni yabantu abadala
I-General Administration of Continuing Education in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia inikeza imfundo yamahhala yabantu abadala kulabo abangalitholanga ithuba lokuphishekela imfundo. Ukuze bazuze kule sevisi, abafake izicelo kumele bahlangabezane nemibandela ethile.
Omunye wemibandela eyisisekelo ukuthi umfakisicelo kumele ngabe uqeqeshe umsebenzi wokufundisa okungenani iminyaka emithathu. Nokho, ukuqokwa kwabantu abayeke ukusebenza phakathi nonyaka wokufunda kuvunyelwa kuphela ngemva kweminyaka emihlanu bayeka ukusebenza.
Iphinde ivunyelwe ukunikeza othisha abasebenza ezinhlelweni zokufunda nokubhala nezemfundo yabadala imiklomelo ehambisana nemizamo yabo. Le miklomelo kanye nemibandela yokuyifanele inqunywa isivumelwano phakathi koMnyango Wezemfundo kanye Nomnyango Wezezimali.
Isicelo sokubhaliswa emfundweni yabantu abadala sithunyelwa ngewebhusayithi yoMnyango Wezemfundo waseSaudi. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi inkonzo yemfundo yabadala yaqala ngo-1950, futhi ithathwa njengohlelo olubalulekile uhulumeni alunikeza izaguga mahhala.
Kuneminye imibandela abafakizicelo okufanele bayilandele. Umfakisicelo akumele aqashwe kunoma yimuphi omunye umsebenzi, futhi iminyaka yomfundi ofaka isicelo sokuqhubeka nemfundo kufanele ibe ngaphezu kweminyaka eyishumi nesishiyagalolunye ubudala.
Uma umfakisicelo engahlangabezani nezidingo zokubhaliswa emfundweni yabantu abadala, lezi yizizathu zokunqatshwa kwesicelo sokubhaliswa. Amacala okunqatshwa nawo ayabhekwana nawo futhi amafomu namarekhodi akhishwa eMnyangweni Wezemfundo Yabantu Abadala ngokubambisana neziphathimandla ezifanele.
Umnyango Wezemfundo waseSaudi uhlose ukwenza lula ukubhaliswa kuhlelo olusemthethweni lwemfundo yabantu abadala. Ngakho-ke, unikeze isixhumanisi esikhethekile sokubhalisa kuwebhusayithi ukuze uqhubeke nemfundo nokufunda kulabo abathanda ukujoyina lolu hlelo.
Imfundo yabadala iklomelisa malini?
UMnyango Wezemfundo uveze imininingwane yamabhonasi emfundo yabadala, njengoba kugunyazwe ukwenyuka kwamabhonasi ezisebenzi ezikoleni nezinhlelo zemfundo yabadala. Lokhu kwenyuka kuhlose ukukhuthaza othisha nabafundi ukuthi bathole imiphumela encomekayo emikhakheni yezemfundo.
Imininingwane yemiklomelo ihlanganisa:
- Uthisha ngamunye ekilasini uthola umklomelo wama-riyal ayi-100.
- Othisha abaphumelelayo ezikoleni zemfundo yabadala nezinhlelo zokufunda nokubhala banikezwa ibhonasi yama-riyal ayi-1000.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uMnyango Wezemfundo uthe uthisha uzothola iholo elilingana nebhonasi.
Futhi, wonke umfundi waseSaudi ophothula esikoleni sokufunda nokubhala kanye nemfundo yabadala ebusuku uthola isamba sebhonasi yesikhathi esisodwa lapho eqeda, ngokusho kwesekhula ekhishwe umnyango.
Mayelana nohlelo lokuqeda ukungakwazi ukufunda nokubhala, umsebenzi wezemfundo yabadala unikezwa umklomelo wama-riyal angu-200 wonke umuntu ozikhululayo ekungakwazini ukufunda nokubhala, ngaphezu kwama-riyal angu-250 akhokhelwa iSigungu Sikazwelonke Semfundo Yabantu Abadala.
Ngokuqondene nabafundi, abafundi baseDar al-Tawhid (abesibili) bathola inani lama-riyal aseSaudi angama-375, kuyilapho abafundi bokuqeda ukufunda nokubhala (imfundo yabadala) bathola inani lama-riyal aseSaudi ayinkulungwane.
Mayelana nabasizi bokuphatha ezikoleni zemfundo yabadala, banikezwa ibhonasi yanyanga zonke yama-25% omholo wabo ngaphandle kwamahora okusebenza asemthethweni.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uMnyango wezeMfundo ukuqinisekisile ukuthi lokhu kwanda kwemiklomelo kuza ngaphakathi kohlaka lomzamo woMnyango wokuthuthukisa imfundo nokugqugquzela abasebenzi emkhakheni wezemfundo yabadala ukuthi benze kangcono.
Lesi sinqumo sihlose ukuthuthukisa izinga lemfundo futhi sinikeze abafundi amathuba angcono okuphumelela nokufeza izifiso zabo emkhakheni wezemfundo.
Ingabe imfundo yabadala imayelana nokuqeda ukungakwazi ukufunda noma eminye imikhakha?
Imfundo yabantu abadala ithathwa njengesinye sezici ezibalulekile ekwakheni imiphakathi esimeme nasekuzuzeni intuthuko ephelele. Ngeqhaza layo ekuqedeni ukungakwazi ukufunda nokubhala kanye nokuthuthukisa amakhono nolwazi, imfundo yabantu abadala inikela ekuhlomiseni abantu abadala kanye nasekuthuthukiseni izimpilo zabo siqu nezomsebenzi wabo.
Imfundo yabantu abadala inomthelela omuhle ezindaweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa ukunakekelwa kwezenhlalakahle, impilo yomndeni kanye nempilo. Le mfundo isiza ukuthuthukisa ukuqwashisa ngezindaba zomphakathi futhi ikhuthaze ukubamba iqhaza okuphumelelayo komphakathi.
Ngokuhlonipha ukucaciswa kwemfundo yabantu abadala, ukuba khona kwemitapo yolwazi nezinsiza eziwusizo zabafundi kuyinzuzo ebalulekile kulesi simo. Ngenxa yezinhlelo ze-e-learning ezifana ne-Vodafone Literacy, abantu abadala bangakwazi ukufinyelela ulwazi nezinsiza zemfundo kalula futhi kalula.
Ukufundwa kwamakhono okufunda kanye nokubamba iqhaza komuntu ezingxoxweni zokuzithuthukisa kuyingxenye ebalulekile yemfundo yabantu abadala. Le mfundo ithuthukisa amakhono omuntu futhi ifake isandla ekuzuzeni ukuthuthukiswa okubanzi kobuchwepheshe namakhono empilo.
Imfundo ekhethekile ekunakekelweni komphakathi, impilo yomndeni kanye nempilo iyingxenye ebalulekile yemfundo yabantu abadala. Le mfundo isiza ukugqugquzela ukuqwashisa ngokubaluleka kokunakekelwa komphakathi kanye nokwenza ngcono impilo yomndeni kanye nempilo iyonke.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, imfundo yabadala iyindlela ebalulekile yokuvuselela nokuthuthukisa amakhono olimi nawokuqonda abantu ngabanye kuyo yonke imikhakha, okuhlanganisa imikhakha yobungcweti efana nezokwelapha, ikhemisi, nobunjiniyela. Imfundo isiza ukuhambisana nezinguquko ezisheshayo ezenzeka kulezi zimboni futhi ithuthukisa amathuba omsebenzi nokuthuthukiswa kochwepheshe.
Imfundo yabadala iyinqubo eyisipesheli ehloselwe ukuthuthukisa iziqu zabantu abadala kanye nokuthuthukisa amakhono abo emikhakheni yabo yezobuchwepheshe nezobuchwepheshe. Kuyithuba lokwengeza ulwazi nokwandisa amakhono ezobuchwepheshe nawomsebenzi ukuze kuzuzwe impumelelo kanye nempumelelo yomuntu siqu.
Kungashiwo ukuthi imfundo yabadala ayikona nje ukufunda nokubhala, kodwa ihlanganisa nezinye izici ezifana nokufunda okuqhubekayo, ukuthuthukisa amakhono, nokuthuthukisa amakhono omuntu siqu nawomsebenzi abantu abadala. Kuyisici esibalulekile ekwakheni imiphakathi eqinile kanye nokuzuza intuthuko esimeme.
Iyini imisebenzi yemfundo yabadala?
Amazwe amaningi abheke ukuthuthukisa imfundo yabadala ngokusebenzisa izinhlelo “zemfundo eqhubekayo”. Lezi zinhlelo zihlose ukusiza abantu abadala ukuthi bathole okungenani idiploma yesikole samabanga aphezulu, enomthelela ekuthuthukisweni komsebenzi. Imisebenzi yemfundo yabadala iyehluka emphakathini kuya komunye.Emazweni athuthukile, inikeza imisebenzi emithathu esemqoka:
1- Ukuhlinzeka ngamathuba emfundo: Imfundo yabadala iyindlela yokwenza abantu abadala bakwazi ukuthuthukisa ulwazi lwabo futhi bathuthukise izinga labo lobuchwepheshe nelomsebenzi. Kubandakanya imfundo ehlelekile, imfundo eqhubekayo, imfundo engekho emthethweni kanye nezinye izinhlobo zokufunda impilo yonke.
2- Ukuthuthukiswa kwamakhono: Imfundo yabadala ihlose ukuthuthukisa amakhono nolwazi oludingekayo kubantu abadala ukuze bahlanganyele emisebenzini emisha noma bathuthukise indima yabo yamanje emsebenzini.
3- Ukulungiselela impilo yansuku zonke: Imfundo yabadala isiza ukuthuthukisa amakhono abantu abadala ekubhekaneni nempilo yansuku zonke kanye nokuzuza inqubekelaphambili yomuntu siqu neyomphakathi.
Imisebenzi nezibopho emfundweni yabantu abadala ziyahlukahluka kuye ngendawo nesikhungo esihilelekile kulolu hlobo lwemfundo. Umsebenzi ekuphathweni kwemfundo yabadala ngokuvamile uhlanganisa ukuthuthukisa izinhlelo namasu ezemfundo kanye nokuhlola ukusebenza. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ochwepheshe kulo mkhakha kumele bazi ngentuthuko yakamuva kumasu okufundisa nezindlela zokuhlola.
Ngokuvamile, imisebenzi yemfundo yabadala ihlose ukwakha indawo lapho abantu abadala bengafunda futhi bathuthukise amakhono abo, kungaba emkhakheni wezobuchwepheshe noma wemisebenzi yezandla. Lokhu kuthuthukisa amathuba okuthuthuka emsebenzini futhi kusiza abantu abadala ukuthi basebenzise amathuba amasha okuthuthuka nempumelelo empilweni yabo yomuntu siqu neyomsebenzi.
Yiziphi izinhlobo zemfundo yabadala?
Imfundo yabadala iwuhlelo olubalulekile lwemfundo yabantu abadala kanye nemfuneko yokubhalisa kwezinye izinhlobo zemfundo yabadala. Imfundo yabadala ihlose ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zabantu asebekhulile, ngokuvamile abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-40 nengama-70 ubudala, futhi kwezinye izimo bangase babe badala. Imfundo yabadala iyinqubo yokufundisa nokufunda yabantu abadala.
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zemfundo yabadala abantu abangazisebenzisa ukuze bafunde futhi bathole ulwazi namakhono. Phakathi kwalezi zinhlobo kukhona:
- Imfundo eyisinxephezelo: Imfundo eyisinxephezelo iwuhlobo oluyisisekelo lwemfundo yabantu abadala kanye nombandela wokuqala wokubhalisa kwezinye izinhlobo zemfundo yabadala. Lolu hlobo luhlose ukusiza abantu abadala abaphuthelwe yimfundo eyisisekelo ukuze bathole ithuba elisha lokungezelela imfundo yabo.
- Imfundo eyisipesheli kumakhono ezobuchwepheshe nawomsebenzi: Ukuqeqeshwa okuyisipesheli kunikezwa abantu abadala ngamakhono ezobuchwepheshe nawomsebenzi abenza bakwazi ukuthuthukisa amakhono abo futhi bathole ubungcweti ezindaweni ezithile.
- Izikole Zamabanga Aphansi Ezemfundo Yabantu Abadala: Izikole zamabanga aphansi zemfundo yabadala ziwuhlaka lwezemfundo lapho abantu abangazange babe nethuba lokuqeda imfundo yabo ezikoleni ezibanzi bafundiswa khona. Izifundo nezinkulumo kulezi zikole zenziwa ngezindlela ezihambisana nezidingo zabantu abadala.
- Ukuzifundela: Ukuzifundela kungenye yezindlela ezibalulekile abantu abadala abangazifunda, njengoba kubanikeza ithuba lokukhetha izihloko namakhono abangathanda ukuwafunda futhi bathuthuke ngokusekelwe ezinhlelweni zabo.
Imfundo yabadala ihlukaniswa kwezinye izinhlobo zemfundo ngezici ezimbalwa, okuhlanganisa nokuthi ingeyokuzithandela futhi ayiphoqelelwa kumuntu ngamunye, nokuthi ukubamba iqhaza kuyo ngokuzithandela kwabo. Lokhu kwenza ukufunda kwabantu abadala kube inqubo evumelana nezimo ehlangabezana nezidingo zabantu abadala ngezindlela ezibafanele.
Ngamafuphi, imfundo yabadala iwuhlobo lwemfundo olunikeza abantu abadala amathuba okuzuza ukufunda futhi bathole ulwazi namakhono ezigabeni ezithuthukile zokuphila. Izinhlobo zemfundo yabadala zihlukene futhi zifaka imfundo yokulungisa izinkinga, ukuqeqeshwa okuyisipesheli kumakhono obuchwepheshe nomsebenzi wezandla, izikole zamabanga aphansi emfundo yabadala, nokuzifundela wena.
Konke mayelana nemfundo yabantu abadala?
Imfundo yabadala iyinqubo yokufundisa nokufundisa abantu abadala. Le mfundo ingenzeka emsebenzini noma ngokuqhubeka nezinhlelo zemfundo ezikoleni. Lolu hlelo luhlose ukufundisa abantu emikhakheni eyahlukene, okuhlanganisa ukubamba iqhaza kwezombusazwe kanye nokuqonda imisebenzi kahulumeni kanye nezindaba zomphakathi.
Imfundo yabadala iyimfundo ehambisana nemfundo yezobuchwepheshe kanye nemfundo evamile, njengoba iqondise kubantu abafuna amathuba okubhalisa emfundweni ehlelekile futhi bathuthukise amakhono namakhono abo. Imfundo yabadala ihlanganisa nezinhlelo zokufunda nokubhala, okuhloswe ngazo ukufundisa abantu abangakwazi ukufunda nokubhala izinhlamvu.
Imfundo Yabantu Abadala inikeza izinsiza zemfundo zeqembu lobudala kusukela eminyakeni eyi-11 nezinyanga ezintathu kuye kwengama-45 nangaphezulu, ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zabo ezithile. Le sevisi ivumelana nezimo futhi iyakhanga, inezisusa zezimali zokukhuthaza ukubamba iqhaza.
Kunamagama amaningi abhekisela ekufundeni kwabantu abadala kanye nemfundo yabadala, njengokuthi “uyaqhubeka nokufunda” nelithi “imfundo yabadala”. La magama ahlanganisa izinhlobonhlobo zokufundisa nokufunda.
Ukuhlinzeka ngezimali ezanele ngenye yezinselelo ezibhekene nemfundo yabadala. Izinsiza zamaphrojekthi okufunda nokubhala kanye nemfundo yabadala zabiwe zisuka kwisabelomali seminyango neminyango ezimele ezweni.
Imfundo yabantu abadala idlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlangabezaneni nezidingo zabantu abadala ukuze bathuthukise amakhono abo futhi bakhuphule izinga labo lemfundo. Le mfundo ibasiza ukuba bafeze izifiso zabo zomuntu siqu nezomsebenzi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi basebenzelana namalungu omndeni wabo, indawo yokusebenza, noma umphakathi uwonke.
Imfundo yabantu abadala kufanele ithole ukunakwa nokuxhaswa okwanele ukuze kuzuze inani elikhulu kunawo wonke labantu abadala emiphakathini yama-Arab.
Uyini umehluko phakathi kokwazi ukufunda nokubhala kanye nemfundo yabadala?
Imfundo yabadala isho izinhlelo zemfundo eziklanyelwe ukufeza izidingo zezikhungo zikahulumeni nezizimele. Ngaphezu kwemfundo eyisisekelo yezingane, kunezinhlelo zemfundo ezinikezwa abantu abadala nasebekhulile. Lokhu kusekelwe ekubalulekeni kwemfundo ekuvikeleni umphakathi ekungakwazini ukufunda nokubhala kanye nokusiza abantu ukuba bafeze amakhono abo aphelele.
Mayelana nolwazi lokufunda nokubhala, kubhekiselwa ekuhlinzekeni abantu okuhlosiwe ngezinga lemfundo nezamasiko elibenza bakwazi ukuxhaphaza amakhono abo futhi babe neqhaza emphakathini wabo ngokuthola amakhono adingekayo.
Ukucacisa ngokuqhubekayo, sibuyekeza umehluko phakathi kokukwazi ukufunda nokubhala nemfundo yabantu abadala kuleli thebula elilandelayo:
Ukwehluka kokufunda nokubhala kanye nemfundo yabadala
| Ukukwazi ukufunda nokubhala | Imfundo Yabantu Abadala |
|---|---|
| Abantu ngabanye bafinyelela izinga lemfundo namasiko elibenza bakwazi ukuxhaphaza amandla abo | Izinhlelo eziklanyelwe ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zezikhungo zikahulumeni nezizimele, okuhlanganisa abantu abadala kanye nabantu abadala |
| Ukunikeza amandla abantu ukuze bazizuzise bona kanye nomphakathi wabo ngamakhono | Ukuthuthukisa izici zobuntu babantu abadala kanye nokubhekelela izidingo zomphakathi wabo ngaphezu kokuzuza imfundo eyisisekelo yezingane |
Amaphrojekthi okufunda nokubhala nemfundo yabadala ngokuvamile axhaswa ngezimali emithonjeni eyahlukene, okuhlanganisa izikhungo zikahulumeni, izinhlangano ezisiza abantulayo, nezinhlangano zamazwe ngamazwe. Lokhu kukhombisa intshisekelo ebanzi yokuthuthukisa izinga lezemfundo namasiko abantu abadala.
Ekuqaleni kwekhulu lamashumi amabili nanye, imfundo yabantu abadala isigxile kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni komuntu siqu kanye nokuhlangabezana nezidingo zawo wonke amalungu omphakathi. Manje sekuhlanganisa wonke umuntu ofanele ukufunda, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uhlushwa ukungakwazi ukufunda nokubhala noma udinga ukuthuthukisa amakhono nolwazi lwakhe.
Ngokuphambene, ukufunda nokubhala kuhlose ukuzuza ngokuqondile amakhono okufunda nokubhala kubantu abangafundile.
Ngamafuphi, umehluko omkhulu phakathi kwemfundo yabantu abadala kanye nokufunda ukuthi ukufunda kuhlose ukufinyelela ezingeni lezemfundo nezamasiko elenza abantu ngabanye bazuze futhi baxhumane, kuyilapho imfundo yabadala igxile ekuthuthukiseni ubuntu bomuntu ngamunye kanye nokuhlangabezana nezidingo zabo ezihlukahlukene emphakathini.
Imfundo yamabanga abantu abadala
Ukufunda kwabantu abadala kuyilungelo eliyisisekelo lawo wonke umuntu, ngakho-ke uMnyango Wezemfundo usebenza ukuze unikeze amathuba emfundo kubantu abadala abafuna ukufunda amakhono nokufunda. Izifundo zebanga lemfundo yabadala zibhekwa njengenye yezixazululo ezintsha ezenza abantu ngabanye bathole imfundo ngendlela eguquguqukayo nelula ngesikhathi esifanayo.
Imfundo yebanga labantu abadala ihlinzeka ngamathuba kubantu abathanda ukufunda namakhono okufunda nokubhala, kanye nezindlela namasu okufundisa abantu abadala. Lezi zifundo zibandakanya ukufundisa imiqondo ephumelelayo nezindlela zokufundisa abantu abadala nokubasiza bathuthukise amakhono abo okufundisa.
Uhlelo lwemfundo yamabanga abantu abadala lugxile egameni lohlelo nezinjongo zalo, ngaphezu kwemithombo yokuxhaswa ngezimali amaphrojekthi okufunda nokubhala nemfundo yabadala, kanye namaphethini okulwa nokungakwazi ukufunda nokubhala kubantu abangafundile. Ngokusekela lezi zifundo zokuqeqesha, uMnyango Wezemfundo usebenza ukuze wehlise izinga lokungafundi eMbusweni libe sezingeni eliphansi lika-3% kuphela.
Ukwengeza, imfundo yebanga labadala ihlinzeka ngemibandela yokwamukelwa kothisha, lapho othisha kufanele babe neziqu futhi babe yisipesheli emkhakheni wemfundo yabadala. Umlando wemfundo yabadala uhlehlela emuva esikhathini soMprofethi, lapho uMphrofethi uMuhammad, sengathi uNkulunkulu angambusisa futhi asinike ukuthula, enza isihlengo sesiboshwa emva kweMpi Enkulu yaseBadr saba yimfundo yezingane eziyishumi zamaMuslim, okufakazela ukuthi ukubaluleka kwemfundo ezinganeni nakubantu abadala.
Umnyango Wezemfundo wase-Saudi unikeze isixhumanisi esikhethekile semfundo yamabanga abantu abadala, ukuze kube lula inqubo yokubhalisa yezakhamizi ngezikhathi ezishiwo ngaphambilini umnyango. Izikole ezikhethelwe imfundo yabadala zingenye yezinketho ezitholakalayo kulabo abafisa ukubhalisa emfundweni yabadala.
Imfundo yamabanga aphakeme yabantu abadala ithathwa njengengxenye yemfundo eqhubekayo, njengoba ihlinzeka ngamathuba emfundo ahlelekile nangekho emthethweni kubafundi abadala, ngenhloso yokuthuthukisa amakhono abo okufunda, edijithali, okufundela umsebenzi kanye namanye. UMnyango wezeMfundo ubufisa ukwethula izifundo zokuqeqesha kulo mkhakha, ngenhloso yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwabantu abadala kulo nyaka.
Sengiphetha, abantu abafisa ukufunda amakhono nokufunda bayakhuthazwa ukuthi basebenzise ithuba lemfundo yamabanga abantu abadala, njengoba ithathwa njengendlela ephumelelayo nelula yokuzuza imfundo yawo wonke umuntu. Ulwazi olwengeziwe kanye nesixhumanisi sokubhalisa singatholakala kuwebhusayithi yoMnyango wezeMfundo waseSaudi.
